Canada Facts
- Canada is on the continent of North America and stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
- The Arctic Ocean is north and the United States is south.
- North of the 49th parallel of latitude.
- Second largest country in the world.
- Ten provinces and three territories (capitals in brackets) - Alberta (Edmonton), British Columbia (Victoria), Manitoba (Winnipeg), New Brunswick (Fredericton), Newfoundland and Labrador(St. John's), Nova Scotia (Halifax), Ontario (Toronto), Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown), Quebec (Quebec City), Saskatchewan (Regina)
Territories : Yukon (Whitehorse), Nunavut (Iqaluit), Northwest Territories (Yellowknife)
- Population 33,212,696 (July 2008 est.)
- Capital city is Ottawa, Ontario.
- Flag - red and white with a red maple leaf.
- Canada's birthday is on the first of July.
- Animal - the beaver.
- Motto - "From sea to sea"
- National anthem - "O Canada"
- RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) the national police force.
- There are six time zones.
The People
- Most of the people live in the southern part of Canada.
- About 77 percent of Canadians live in cities and towns.
- The largest cities are Toronto - 5.5 million; Montreal - 3.6 million; Vancouver - 2.1 million.
- Canada's two official languages are English and French.
- Ethnic groups include British Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, North American Indian 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26%.
- Canada is the home of over a million Aboriginal people. (2006 census)
- Three Aboriginal groups : First Nations, Métis and Inuit.
Land and Water
- Canada has the world's longest coastline with oceans on three sides - Pacific (west), Atlantic (east), Arctic (north).
- Nearly one-fourth of all the fresh water in the world is in Canada.
- Forests cover almost half of Canada.
- Canada has one-tenth of the world's forests.
History
- The first people were the Aboriginal people.
- Explorers and settlers from Western Europe arrived in the 1500s.
- Canada was named by the French explorer Jacques Cartier (1535).
- The name "Canada" comes from the Huron and Iroquois word "Kanata" meaning "village".
- Canada became a country on July 1st, 1867.
- The first prime minister was Sir John A. Macdonald.
Government
- Democratic system of government.
- Parliament of Canada is in Ottawa, Ontario.
- Parliament consists of House of Commons (elected) and Senate (appointed).
- Leader of Canada is Prime Minister Stephen Harper.
- Governor General of Canada - Michaëlle Jean.
Sports
- The native people of Canada invented the game of lacrosse which is the national summer sport of Canada.
- Ice hockey is the winter national sport of Canada.
- Five pin bowling was invented by T.E. Ryan of Toronto in 1909.
- Basketball was invented by James Naismith in 1891.